
The paradigmatic integration of shi, shu, hua, yin (poetry, calligraphy, painting, and seal carving) in literati painting is naturally sustained. Each piece conveys the artist’s inner mood through inscriptions and concludes with seal impressions to harmonize the artistic momentum. The content of the inscriptions, whether lyrical or aspirational, forms an intertextual relationship with the imagery of the painting, creating a dynamic where "painting serves as the form and literature as the soul". A case in point is the inscribed line: "Though winter chills, the heart remains warm—how I cherish this quiet repose, confined indoors to read". This line elevates the ink-wash imagery beyond mere visual representation, transforming it into a vessel for literati-style spiritual sustenance, and represents a contemporary practice of the traditional literati painting tenet that "painting conveys the Dao".